ISLAM AND THE CATHOLIC CRUSADE MOVEMENT IN ZANZIBAR

<BODY><script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-47423994-1', 'fortunecity.ws'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <center> <br> <div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="http://ad.broadcaststation.net/ads/show_ad.php?width=728&height=90"></script> </div> </center>   <CENTER></CENTER> <CENTER><B><U><A HREF="crusades.html#title">ISLAM AND THE CATHOLIC CRUSADE MOVEMENT IN ZANZIBAR</A></U></B></CENTER> <P><B> </B> <CENTER><B> <FONT FACE="Palatino"><FONT SIZE=+2>SECTION ONE</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER> <CENTER></CENTER> <CENTER><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT></CENTER> <B><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#background">1) <U>HISTORICAL BACKGROUND</U></A></FONT></FONT></B> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#1-i">i) Pre-Islamic Era in Zanzibar</A></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#1-ii">ii) From Ethiopia to Zanzibar</A></FONT></FONT> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT> <CENTER><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT><B><FONT FACE="Palatino"><FONT SIZE=+2>SECTION TWO</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER> <CENTER></CENTER> <CENTER><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT></CENTER> <B><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#justifications">2) <U>JUSTIFICATION FOR CRUSADES</U></A></FONT></FONT></B> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#2-i">i) Zanzibar in Muslim Historiography</A></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#2-ii">ii) The Origins of Crusades</A></FONT></FONT> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT> <CENTER><B><FONT FACE="Palatino"><FONT SIZE=+2>SECTION THREE</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER> <CENTER></CENTER> <CENTER><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT></CENTER> <B><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#islam">3) <U>ISLAM AND CATHOLIC CRUSADE IN ZANZIBAR</U></A></FONT></FONT></B> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#3-i">i) Portuguese Motive in Zanzibar</A></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#3-ii">ii) Zanzibar Jihad for Protection</A></FONT></FONT> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT> <CENTER><B><FONT FACE="Palatino"><FONT SIZE=+2>SECTION FOUR</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER> <CENTER></CENTER> <CENTER><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT></CENTER> <B><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#potugese">4) <U>PORTUGESE LEGACY AND MUSLIM LIBERATION</U></A></FONT></FONT></B> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#4-i">i) Portuguese Legacy in Zanzibar</A></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1><A HREF="crusades.html#4-ii">ii) Muslim Liberation And Islamic Revivalism</A></FONT></FONT> <P><FONT FACE="Times,Times New Roman"><FONT SIZE=+1> </FONT></FONT> <BR>  <BR>  </BODY>